The Future of Everything

• The future of pediatric development and disability

  Physician and psychologist Heidi Feldman is a pioneer in the field of developmental behavioral pediatrics who says that the world’s understanding of childhood disability is changing and so too are the ways we approach it. Where once institutionalization was common, today we find integrative, family-centered approaches, charting a more humane, hopeful path forward. For example, for children born prematurely with increased likelihood of disability, increasing skin-to-skin contact – what is called  “kangaroo care” – can literally reshape that child’s brain development, she tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to [email protected] Reference Links:Stanford Profile: Heidi M. FeldmanConnect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / FacebookChapters:(00:00:00) IntroductionRuss Altman introduces guest  Heidi Feldman, professor of pediatrics at Stanford University.(00:03:26) Path to Developmental PediatricsHeidi’s journey from education to developmental-behavioral pediatrics.(00:05:10) The Emergence of Developmental PediatricsHow developmental disabilities entered the medical mainstream.(00:07:30) Common Disorders in ChildrenThe most prevalent disabilities seen in practice and diagnostic trends.(00:09:46) Preterm Birth and Disability RiskWhy premature birth is a major risk factor for developmental challenges.(00:13:53) Brain Connections and OutcomesHow white matter and brain circuitry impact development.(00:17:09) Kangaroo Care’s PotentialHow skin-to-skin contact positively influences brain development.(00:21:30) Inclusive Family and Community SupportWhy integrated care and inclusive classrooms benefit all children.(00:23:37) Social and Economic UpsidesCost savings and increased independence from inclusive care.(00:24:33) Transitioning to Adult CareGaps and opportunities in supporting disabled youth into adulthood.(00:27:12) Using AI to Improve Care QualityAI models help track whether care guidelines are being followed.(00:31:00) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook

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  31:42
• Best of: The future of female athletic health

  The world of women’s sports is experiencing unprecedented growth, attention, recognition, and investment. Elite athletes including Simone Biles, Caitlin Clark, Serena Williams, and many others are having a significant impact on culture, and more women than ever are participating in both professional and recreational sports. Earlier this year, Russ sat down with Dr. Emily Kraus to talk about the future of female athletic health and we’re re-running the episode today. She shared a number of key differences between women and men in sport, and illuminates that these differences are vastly understudied, though she’s working to close that gap. This is an episode we shared with a number of athletes we know, and we hope you’ll do the same.Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to [email protected] Reference Links:Stanford Profile: Emily Kraus  Emily’s Survey: Centering The Female Athlete Voice in a Sports Science Research AgendaStanford FASTR ProgramWu Tsai Human Performance AllianceConnect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / FacebookChapters:(00:00:00) IntroductionRuss Altman introduces Dr. Emily Kraus, professor of orthopedics at Stanford University.(00:01:55) Injury Trends in Female AthletesPrevalent injuries and health issues unique to female athletes.(00:03:34) Menstrual Health in Young AthletesHow training affects puberty, periods, and long-term health.(00:06:30) Body Image & Mental HealthNavigating body composition, stigma, and disordered eating.(00:08:30) Competing Through MotherhoodPostpartum athletes and the need for more scientific support.(00:11:34) Sharing vs. Guarding Performance DataWhether female athletes are sharing information or staying competitive.(00:12:25) Fueling, Recovery & Modern TrainingNutrition, rest, and strength training as key performance tools.(00:15:31) Gender-Based Nutrition DifferencesHow under-researched female athletes are fueling without guidance.(00:18:55) The Female Athlete Voice ProjectWhat elite athletes want researched—and what’s missing.(00:21:21) FASTR & the Science of RED-SNew initiatives addressing energy deficiency and performance.(00:24:05) Applying Elite Insights to All WomenHow weekend warriors can benefit from elite research.(00:25:11) Cultural Challenges in SportSexism, inequity, and overlooked institutional barriers.(00:27:03) Getting the Word OutFinding ways to educate athletes, coaches, and clinicians more effectively.(00:29:37) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook

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  30:25
• The future of legal representation

  Nora Freeman Engstrom is a professor of law who says that in three-quarters of cases one or more of the parties lacks legal representation. Worse yet, often the litigants are involved in high-consequence civil cases where there is no right to a lawyer and costs are prohibitive. Some states are looking at alternatives including non-lawyer representation, curated legal help for low-income citizens, and even AI, as Engstrom tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering's The Future of Everything podcast.Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to [email protected] Reference Links:Stanford Profile: Nora Freeman EngstromConnect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / FacebookChapters:(00:00:00) IntroductionRuss Altman introduces guest Nora Freeman Engstrom, a professor of law at Stanford University.(00:03:11) Path to Justice WorkNora’s journey into legal ethics and justice reform.(00:04:46) Misconceptions About Civil CourtHow civil cases often involve one represented and one unrepresented party.(00:08:40) Limits of Judicial HelpWhy the U.S. adversarial system limits judicial involvement.(00:10:40) Problems with Self-HelpThe lack of reliable resources for people trying to represent themselves.(00:13:41) The Cost of Legal HelpThe high cost of representation and how legal aid is overwhelmed.(00:15:20) A Missing MiddleHow law lacks mid-level professionals to offer affordable legal help.(00:17:41) Expanding Legal AccessWhy law lacks mid-level roles and bans non-lawyer advice.(00:22:22) New Models for Legal SupportThe ways some states are testing trained non-lawyers to expand access.(00:27:22) Legal Help in the PastThe history of legal access, including lawyers in banks and auto clubs.(00:30:29) Legal ProtectionismHow depression-era protectionism led to today’s lawyer-only model(00:32:48) The Role of AI in Legal AccessThe potential of AI for creating smarter legal tools for courts.(00:35:52) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook

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  36:44
• The future of hearing loss

  Physician Tina Stankovic is an ear, nose, and throat specialist and a lover of music whose seemingly disparate pursuits — medicine and music — have led her to a groundbreaking career in hearing research. She recently worked with music legend Paul Simon during his well-publicized battle with hearing loss and he has become a vocal advocate for hearing research. New understandings and new approaches like regenerative medicine have put the once-impossible dream of hearing restoration within reach, Stankovic tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your question. You can send questions to [email protected] Reference Links:Stanford Profile: Konstantina M. StankovicStanford Researchers Assist Paul Simon with his Return to the StageInside the Stanford Initiative to Cure Hearing Loss: Cutting-Edge Science and InnovationConnect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / FacebookChapters:(00:00:00) IntroductionRuss Altman introduces guest Tina Stankovic, a professor of otolaryngology and neurosurgery at Stanford University.(00:03:36) Why Hearing LossWhat inspired Tina’s lifelong journey into hearing science.(00:04:17) Treating Hearing LossLimits of current options and lack of FDA-approved therapies.(00:05:23) Causes of Hearing LossThe two main categories of hearing loss: conductive vs. sensorineural.(00:07:47) Inside the Inner EarThe complexity of the inner ear, and why diagnosis is so difficult.(00:09:22) Tinnitus & Hearing LossWhy ear damage can cause phantom sounds in the brain.(00:10:28) Emerging Technologies in Hearing ResearchNew technologies that are evolving treatment approaches.(00:15:19) Recreating the Ear in the LabChallenges the inner ear’s unique composition pose to researchers.(00:20:02) AI Applications in Hearing DiagnosisThe ways AI is transforming diagnosis and genetic analysis.(00:21:31) Can Ears Regrow?Why humans don’t regenerate ear cells—but mice might help.(00:23:55) Emotional & Social Toll of Hearing LossHow hearing loss can lead to isolation, stigma, and cognitive decline.(00:26:06) Born Deaf vs. Later Hearing LossExperiential differences between those with early and late hearing loss.(00:27:52) Paul Simon’s Role and AdvocacyHow the artist got involved with Tina’s work and the initiative at Stanford.(00:29:44) Protecting Your HearingBest practices for protecting your hearing.(00:33:21) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook

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  34:05
• The future of live performance

  Michael Rau is a professor, theater director, and tech innovator in one. He says that today’s technologies – AI, gaming, interactive storytelling, and even email – are reshaping what performers can do on stage and how audiences experience those performances. The best of the stage has always been about reflecting life, and technology is part of how we live today. It belongs on the stage, as Rau tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering’s The Future of Everything podcast.Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your quest. You can send questions to [email protected] Reference Links:Stanford Profile: Michael RauConnect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / FacebookChapters:(00:00:00) IntroductionRuss Altman introduces guest Michael Rau, a professor of theatre and performance studies at Stanford University.(00:03:16) Why Theater Needs TechnologyHow AI and digital media are reshaping live performance.(00:05:15) AI & Emerging Theater TechAI scripts, machine learning, AR, and interactive storytelling.(00:07:28) Theater as FoodHow both classic and experimental theatre styles can coexist.(00:10:13) The Relationship Between Theater & GamingTheatrical storytelling and its deep connection to gaming.(00:14:40) The Debate on LivenessWhether live actors are necessary to theatre performances.(00:20:2) Temping: A Play Without ActorsRau’s theatrical piece where the audience becomes the protagonist.(00:25:38) AI’s Role in TheaterAI-generated visuals and scripts reshape storytelling and performance.(00:30:44) AI-Driven ImprovAI-driven improv requires new skills, blending structure with spontaneity.(00:33:44) Should Audiences Know AI Is Involved?How transparency increases audience engagement and appreciation(00:35:30) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook

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  36:13

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